Yet, it's been remarkably accurate about the effects of firearms.
I've been doing "Will it GURPS?" for longer than I've had a blog because the first two editions explicitly called out a "reality check" and if what you were doing was impossible in the rules, but worked in real life: Reality trumps the rules!
That, alone, might be why I like GURPS so much to keep dabbling with it despite not playing more than a handful of sessions in 30 years.
My recent dive into .30 Carbine underscored it a bit.
A typical person has 10 hit points. After taking 10 points of damage, they have to start checking to see if they pass out from the wounds. After taking 20 points of damage, they have to start checking to see if their wounds killed them.
We have anecdotes of people hitting Chinese soldiers and getting no results from those hits.
I think I've managed to recreate the scenario with the rules.
The cold and underpowered ammo at longer ranges needs many hits to disable a 10 HP person inside the rules and seems to match reports from the battle.
The numbers I have for the underpowered ammo drop .30 Carbine down into pistol cartridge power levels and we have ample examples from police shootings that it can take many hits to stop someone.
The real problem will be breaking it to the players that their ammo is compromised and nobody has any extreme cold experience to tell them they're taking a penalty to their Guns/TL (Rifle) skill.
I found one, ONE, forum entry claiming that a 1950's lot of Cartridge, caliber .30, Carbine, ball M1 was loaded to 1,600 fps. Minimum spec. is 1,900; ideal is 1,990.
Update: 1,600 fps drops us to pi- territory
That gives us 3d+1 pi-. 4-19 raw damage with an average of 11 which is halved after penetrating armor.
With a 7% velocity drop because of the cold, we're at 3d pi- (3-18, avg. 10).
Against a normal, human, target that's going to take a few rounds to stop someone with DR 1 winter gear on. 2 to get consciousness and 4 to get death rolls.
Remember, though, out past 330 yards, damage is halved.
That's 2-9 (avg 5) for the 1,600 fps stuff and 1-9 (avg 5) for the 1,488 fps.
That's TEN solid hits, on average, to get to a death roll.
I've found a few anecdotal accounts where troops were engaging at 400+ yards.
You're not going to see your impacts at that range on clothing and with the sights not agreeing with the bullet's path, you're probably not hitting either.
The right drugs will give high pain threshold and the cold will also numb the recipient of the round to cause even good shot placement to the torso to be ineffective.
But let's take them at their word that they saw the impacts and hit where they were aiming. It'd be blind luck too. The bullets would be hitting low because of the cold with up to spec ammo and even lower with the underpowered stuff. 7 to 10 inches at 100 yards. 28 to 40 inches at 400.
Even with high pain threshold, an average hit of 11 to the torso will get 10 to penetrate which gets reduced to 5 and that will get the bad guy to 5 HP and they continue to charge!
Nailing them in the vitals will get 30 points delivered and two death rolls.
Past the 1/2D range, though, it will take ten average hits to get a consciousness roll on torso impacts and two to the vitals to get death rolls.
Now that we've gone through all that...
When did the Korean war end? 1953.
I know a bit about the US Army supply chain and I'm not thinking it's likely that the 1950's vintage ammo that's been tested understrength made it to the troops, even if it was made during the three years of fighting. The Army tends to FIFO their stuff.
Got a comment suggesting that M1 Carbine ammo in Korea wasn't up to snuff.
I can't find the information they're citing, but the looking for it did turn up some interesting stuff about cold weather and ammo performance.
An Army publication for snipers (FM 3-22.10, Sniper (Dec 17) referenced in this link) says the round will impact 1" lower at 100 yards per 20°F the temperature is below the temperature when you zeroed the gun.
FM 3-22.10 pg. 4-147. The change in the point of impact is best determined by referencing past firing recorded in the sniper data book. As a rule of thumb, a 20-degree increase in temperature will raise the point of impact by one minute; conversely, a 20-degree decrease will drop the point of impact by one minute.
And that's with a spitzer shape, not a round nose; like the .30 Carbine!
Chosin was -35°F and if the troops had zeroed on a nice 75°F day there's a 100 degree difference, or a 5" change of impact at 100 yards. 10" at 200. 15" at 300...
That's assuming the cold soak didn't weaken the springs so bad the hammer doesn't hit hard enough to set off the, now, less sensitive primer...
Norma published a video showing that .30-06 lost velocity as it got colder.
Everything is in Godless Metric.
Room temperature average velocity is 2,625 fps.
28°F ammo is 2,575 fps. (1.9% drop)
0°F ammo is 2,532 fps. (3.5% drop)
Norma specifies 2,772 fps. for this round from a 24" barrel, so we're also seeing the effect of losing 2" of barrel in the test.
2,772 gets us the bog-standard 7d pi from .30-06.
2,625 drops it to 7d-1 pi.
2,575 gives 6d+2 pi.
2,532 gives 6d+2 pi.
A 3.5% drop in velocity for an M1 Carbine goes from 1,990 fps. to 1,919.5 fps.
That drops it from 4d+1 pi to 4d pi. Still plenty of energy to penetrate winter clothes.
Losing another 3.5% to get to Chosin temps (baseless extrapolation here) gives 1,850 fps and 4d pi.
With these numbers one cannot help but concur that the troops were missing their targets.
There's a couple of sources that mention the Chinese troops were drugged to the gills. I've written about another case of bad shot placement and drugged up opponents before: Juramentado.
What about the theory that ice on the outside of the coat somehow provided more protection?
Ice is DR 3 per inch. So, maybe DR 1 for a good coating of the stuff? Still getting 2-22 through (avg. 12).
Still enough to get them unconscious if they blow their HT roll on a body hit.
So, I think we can say that all those troops were missing their shots rather than doing damage.
Even the rare hit on the web gear or ammo pouch doesn't account for enough DR to completely protect them with the persistence of the myth.
Shots past 330 yards get half damage. 2-12 (avg. 7) raw.
Even through the heaviest theoretical coat and ice, 0-9 (avg. 4) will penetrate; but 1-11 (avg. 6) is most realistic. It'd take a couple of hits at that range to drop them, but with the low recoil of the carbine, it's doable.
The M2 carbine will do the same.
Assuming that the damages GURPS, I think we can dismiss the myth that the winter gear of a Chinese soldier in Korea was stopping rounds.
Please notice the quotation marks around, "the carbine couldn't penetrate a Chinese winter coat."
Why would I put those little bits of punctuation on that?
I'm fully aware that most of those "failures to penetrate" were almost certainly from missing.
It's not an obscure theory.
I'm speculating about the whiz-bang fancy new sights they added after WW2 are to blame because they can be fiddled with.
I've seen people pull the peep all the way to the longest range setting because it sets higher and that makes them easier to see without squishing your cheek down on the stock.
But that also means your shot is going to go high at close ranges.
This adjustment isn't present on the original rear sight. You get two settings, just like the M16A1.
Then there's the windage adjustment knob. Get a bored soldier playing with that and forgetting where it was when zeroed and you're missing to one side or the other.
I figured this out on my own because the German winter gear isn't significantly thinner than the Chinese stuff and the Carbine was well regarded enough to retain in service and keep developing after WW2...
The gravel belly is sort of the military equivalent to the Fudd.
Its why a bullet-proof rear sight on an M16A1 was changed to a fiddly one on the M16A2.
But it's older than that.
You should see the complicated sights we put on our infantry rifles.
Then go on to not bother teaching the troops how they work.
The people who wanted and needed the vernier caliper quality in the rear sights are people compete on known distance ranges.
As WW2 progressed, we asked the troops if they were using the adjustments in their sights. We interviewed captured troops. We exchanged information with our allies.
It was a rare soldier who bothered to adjust the range setting. It was nearly unheard of to change the windage setting.
So the Army responded by keeping the sights from the Garand and put them on the M14. Then they added adjustable sights to the M1 Carbine.
Bahwah?
I would love to have God's video tape to see if all those "the carbine couldn't penetrate a Chinese winter coat" were actually misses caused by the rear sight being easily adjustable now and knocked completely off zero by the soldiers absent minded fiddling around with it.
I think things are different now, but I do note that the back-up iron sights we issue all have a range setting and can be adjusted for windage without tools.
GOA emailed me bragging about what we got from the Big Beautiful Bill® the other day, how it was their goal from the start and how happy we should be about it.
Today they share a video from VSO Gun Channel that's complaining about being stabbed in the back by the Republican Party.
For fuck's sake, pick a fucking lane!
It's OK to say, "This is what we hoped to get, we didn't get it, but we got something and what we got, while not perfect, is at least a step in the right direction."
GOA has never understood how the sausage is made.
No compromise strikes again?
I'll take the incremental win.
A $0 tax plus registration lays the groundwork to have it declared unconstitutional because its entire legality hinges on it being a tax. $0 is not a tax. Sucks that it's going to take FOREVER to get it through the courts, but...
A pro gun ruling came out of the 5th circuit, again.
I don't live in the 5th circuit, so telling me what a great deal it was doesn't really matter.
I live in the 11th.
While you're celebrating, could you, maybe, explain why this is good for the rest of us outside the 5th?
Because, as I read it, this is a circuit split on 18-20 year olds owning guns and we have the 5th saying 18+ can own and the 4th and 11th saying, "gotta be 21."
Are you alluding to this circuit split means its more likely that SCOTUS will take up the case?
Stop alluding and say it then?
I'm happy for the residents of the 5th circuit, but you have GOT to stop acting like victories that don't affect a rather large population matter to us.
Not a lot is being done for Florida by the pro-gun forces and it's getting stale reading about how great it is elsewhere.
Getting the tax on, some, NFA items knocked down to $0 while keeping the registration and enhanced background checks is a, mostly, good thing...
It is not a major victory for our rights.
It is NOT what you set out to accomplish.
You bragged about how you got the language for full removal of short barrel rifles & shotguns and suppressors into the Senate version of the bill before the parlimentarian squished that plan.
Now that we have crumbs rather than cake you're bragging like this was what you planned all along?
Gods it ticks me off the way you guys try to communicate.
Having a bit of a tiff with someone on Arfcom over basic dimensions.
A basic dimension is one without a tolerance. No plus, no minus, it is what it says to infinite decimal places.
Most of the time that dimension exists as a datum for other dimensions. Those dimensions have tolerances so the thing you're making can actually be made.
This person mentions this, but goes off on how you can never hold the basic dimension without some kind of tolerance on it.
To that I say bullshit.
I've worked places that held them on mass produced items.
I will say that you shouldn't use them unless that dimension is critically important. It's expensive to set up to hold such a dim and uses more resources from quality control to assure it's being held.
But I did like him explaining to me my job for over 16 years.
Remember that graph that showed how hot The Gulf was that compared a really recent average to a range starting in 1878?
There's also some swelteringly hot years before that cut off as well.
I can't imagine a meteorologist not knowing that.
If you're going to figure a mean you need to use the entire range!
Wanna bet if we use the records going all the way back to the 1600's that the Spanish were keeping that we're going to find that it's not really that much hotter today than it's been historically?
The differentiation between noun and pronoun is baked into the language.
Whether you like it or not.
The Schoolhouse Rock vid in the post below explains why they exist.
The usual suspects, in their shrill attempts to blur gender pronouns created a position where they wish to use no pronouns.
And I used two pronouns in that sentence to talk about them... Did it again!
Pronouns are inescapable if you're still speaking English.
I find it very odd that someone whose job is writing doesn't understand English this hard.
But it's possible that as a game designer, they (<--pronoun!) think that all the rules are mutable because they certainly are when you're designing a game.
This is some OLD SCHOOL drafting! They don't make drawings like this any more. They didn't make drawings like this when I was still drafting.
Of note is the use of geometric tolerancing. That was state of the art in 1960.
I'd suspect (guess) that Rock Island was told to take the 1928 prints that all M1911A1's were made to and get them up to current engineering standards in case war were declared.
Now, this print tells you WHAT to make, not how to make it. The processes of how to make this part to this print is called a "technical data package".
Colt, historically, has been VERY reluctant to part with that documentation. In WW2 they basically had to be forced to give it up. Even so, Remington Rand lost almost a year's production of parts that were nominally to the print, but wouldn't interchange with other makers guns.
I remember talking with New Jovian Thunderbolt when he took a 1911 armorer's class and his talking about fitting parts to a gun.
I was reminded of:
D-P-355a 3.3.2 states, "Interchangeability. Unless otherwise specified
on the drawings, all parts shall be interchangeable. Pistols and repair
parts shall be capable of meeting the interchangeability tests specified
in 4.3.3.4 and 4.4.4 (In normal assembly operations there shall be no
objections interposed to preferential assembly of parts provided that
all parts are dimensionally acceptable.)"
One thing, in particular stuck out and that was the ejector. It's retained by a notch in the ejector by a pin in the frame.
He described all the careful measuring to properly locate and align that notch in a virgin ejector.
In the Army TM the procedure was to secure the frame in a drill press, install the ejector and drill it in place; effectively using the existing hole in the frame as a fixture.
I am often curious about parts interchange among all the 1911 clones out there.
I know I've watched a lot of vids about how to fit a safety because I'm considering changing the style on my .38 Super. The safety is one of the drop-in parts on a mil-spec M1911A1.
Software Janitor has spoken of fitting a barrel to a slide once or twice.
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