Doing the research for the GURPS stats finally answered a question I'd had since I've been building models of them.
The M48A1 and M48A2 are, visually, distinguished by the number of track-return rollers.
The A1 has five per side, the A2 has three.
There's more than one turret too.
The A2C gets the one with the bigger hatches.
Then comes the A3. It gets a different engine deck because of the new diesel engine, but I've seen them with both turrets and with both 5 and 3 return rollers!
This is because the M48A3 is both a new model and an upgrade program! Conversions from older models retain their original hulls, turrets and cupolas with the new engine and many internal improvements.
The M48A5 had the same deal with visual variations except they all have the M48A2C turret with the larger loader's hatch. It's not so obvious because the cupola is replaced with a hatch and an M60 on a pedestal.
When does interesting details devolve into useless trivia? Does a commander of a battalion of mixed M48's worry about the minor variants? Does one tank's parts not exchangeable with the rest making the Supply SGTs job harder? Does one have a different ammo requirement or better (or inferior) fire controls?
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